赤藻糖醇

GI(Glucose = 100)

0^*0^*

Energy(kcal/100g)

20 kcal^*20 kcal^*

Carbs(g/100g)

100 g^*100 g^*

Sugars(g/100g)

0 g^*0 g^*

功能性益處

• 不會促進蛀牙

  21 CFR 101.80 eligible sugar alcohol when food sugars/plaque-pH criteria are met. Not an anticaries drug claim.

  FDA — 21 CFR 101.80 Health claims: noncariogenic carbohydrate sweeteners and dental caries (2024)

• 體外與動物試驗顯示可清除羥基自由基

  den Hartog et al.: HO• scavenger in vitro; endothelium-protective signals in diabetic rats. Display-only — not a human antioxidant supplement or CV-protection claim.

  den Hartog et al. — Erythritol is a sweet antioxidant (Nutrition) (2010)

已引述的礦物質可在 日常最適合的甜味劑 上最多加 +2 分，見 Methods。

風險與副作用

• 可能引起滲透性腸胃不適

  caution

  EFSA 2023 set erythritol's acceptable daily intake at 0.5 g/kg body weight (about 35 g a day at 70 kg) on this laxative effect, and estimated intakes exceed it in every age group. Largest symptom-free single dose 0.46 g/kg in men, 0.68 in women. In a drink, 20 and 35 g caused no significant symptoms and 50 g only nausea and rumbling, with fewer watery stools than xylitol at every dose (Storey 2007). Not a medical diagnosis. Scored: −3 on Everyday Health, Diabetic-friendly and Minimally processed — largest symptom-free single dose 0.4–0.6 g/kg.

  EFSA FAF Panel — Re-evaluation of erythritol (E 968) as a food additive (EFSA Journal) (2023)

• 血液濃度與心臟事件有關聯

  note

  Nature Medicine 2023: among patients having cardiac evaluation, the highest vs lowest quarter of blood erythritol had more heart attacks, strokes or deaths over 3 years — adjusted HR 1.80 (1.18–2.77) US and 2.21 (1.20–4.07) Europe. Blood levels the body also makes, in at-risk patients. EFSA 2023 reviewed this study and found a causal link not shown; blood erythritol may mark metabolic disease. Scored: CV signal −7 on Everyday Health, Weight goals and Diabetic-friendly (not on Easy on the liver) — a serious outcome at low certainty.

  Witkowski et al. — The artificial sweetener erythritol and cardiovascular event risk (Nature Medicine) (2023)

• Platelet reactivity after 30 g (small trial)

  note

  ATVB 2024: 30 g erythritol in water, not the same dose of glucose, raised platelet aggregation in 10 healthy adults within 30 minutes. Acute lab measure, not heart events. Part of the CV signal above — not counted twice.

  Witkowski et al. — Ingestion of erythritol, but not glucose, enhances platelet reactivity in healthy volunteers (ATVB) (2024)

這不是醫療建議。若該項目會依公開公式扣分，細節列在「分數怎麼算」；分數不代表臨床嚴重程度。

註記

還沒有額外的背景註記。

註記說明公開軸或風險標籤本身看不出來的事，不是醫療建議。