牛油
動物精製
反式脂肪(g/100g)
Natural ruminant transA high intake raised LDL like industrial trans; a moderate intake was neutral (Motard-Bélanger 2008, AJCN). Gram for gram, ruminant and industrial trans raised the LDL to HDL ratio by about the same amount (0.038 vs 0.055 per % energy, no significant difference) (Brouwer 2010, PLoS One). 計分: WHO 2023 counts both sources.
Japan Food Safety Commission trans fat survey (Japan Food Research Laboratories, report 2007) (2007)
發煙點(°C)
主要來源 · 230°C
Institute of Shortening and Edible Oils, Typical Smoke, Flash & Fire Points (2010)
空白表示目前找不到方法清楚、可引用的資料。表格第一名只代表依公開規則計算後居首,不是醫療認證。