牛油(未精製)
動物未精製
反式脂肪(g/100g)
Natural ruminant transA high intake raised LDL like industrial trans; a moderate intake was neutral (Motard-Bélanger 2008, AJCN). Gram for gram, ruminant and industrial trans raised the LDL to HDL ratio by about the same amount (0.038 vs 0.055 per % energy, no significant difference) (Brouwer 2010, PLoS One). 計分: WHO 2023 counts both sources.
UK Composition of Foods Integrated Dataset (CoFID) 2021 (2021)
發煙點(°C)
主要來源 · 165°C
Eyres, L. Frying oils: selection, smoke points and potential deleterious effects for health (2015)
空白表示目前找不到方法清楚、可引用的資料。表格第一名只代表依公開規則計算後居首,不是醫療認證。